The Montessori method is an educational technique for children based on theories of child development created by Italian educator Maria Montessori in the late 19th and early 20th century. It is applied primarily in preschool and elementary school settings, though some Montessori high schools do exist.
The method is characterized by an emphasis on self-directed activity on the part of the child and clinical observation on the part of the teacher whom gives direction to the child. It stresses the importance of adapting the child's learning environment to his or her developmental level and of the role of physical activity in absorbing academic concepts and practical skills.